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Otto Schuhart (1 April 1909 – 10 March 1990) commanded the U-boat in the German Navy of the Third Reich during World War II. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ((ドイツ語:Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes)), a decoration awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or outstanding military leadership. ''Korvettenkapitän'' (corvette captain) Schuhart is credited with the sinking of the aircraft carrier on 17 September 1939, the first British warship to be lost in the war. In total Schuhart claimed thirteen ships sunk on seven war patrols, for a total of of Allied merchant shipping and one warship of . Born in Hamburg, Schuhart joined the ''Reichsmarine'' (navy) of the Weimar Republic in 1929. After a period of training on surface vessels he transferred to the U-boat force in 1936. Following the sinking of HMS ''Courageous'' the entire crew of ''U-29'' received the Iron Cross 2nd Class while Schuhart as commander received both classes of the Iron Cross, 2nd and 1st Class. After further six war patrols, Schuhart became commander of the ''1. U-Lehr Division'' ("1st U-boat Training Division") and later of the ''21st U-boat Flotilla''. He spent the last months of the war at the Naval Academy at Mürwik. After World War II he worked in various civil jobs and in 1955 rejoined military service in the ''Bundesmarine'' of the Bundeswehr of the Federal Republic of Germany. He retired in 1967 and died on 10 March 1990 in Stuttgart. ==Early life and pre-war service== Schuhart was born on 1 April 1909 in Hamburg, then in the German Empire. He began his naval career with the ''Reichsmarine'' on 1 April 1929 as a member of "Crew 29" (the incoming class of 1929).. He underwent basic military training in the 2nd department of the standing ship division of the Baltic Sea in Stralsund (1 April 1929 – 30 June 1929).〔2nd department —II. ''Abteilung''〕〔standing ship division —''Schiffsstammdivision''〕 Schuhart was then transferred to the training ship ''Niobe'' (1 July 1929 – 11 October 1929), attaining the rank of ''Seekadett'' (midshipman) on 10 October 1929.〔Röll 2013, pp. 148, 150.〕 He then underwent a training course at the Naval Academy at Mürwik (12 October 1929 – 5 January 1930) before serving on the light cruisers (6 January 1930 – 21 May 1930) and (22 May 1930 – 4 January 1931).〔Röll 2013, p. 148.〕 ''Emden'' at the time was under the command of Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière, a U-boat commander during World War I. Schuhart sailed on ''Emden''s third training cruise, which started on 13 January 1930 and took him and her crew to Madeira, Saint Thomas, New Orleans, Kingston/Jamaica, San Juan/Puerto Rico, Charlestown and back to Germany via Las Palmas and Santa Cruz. They returned to Wilhelmshaven on 13 May 1930.〔Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz 1993, v. 3., pp. 54–55.〕 ''Karlsruhe''s first training cruise left Kiel 24 May 1930 and took its crew through the Suez Canal via the Mediterranean Sea. They then proceeded down Africa's east coast, around the Cape of Good Hope to the Angra Pequena and the Walvis Bay. The cruise continued to Lobito, Angola, where they stopped before heading to South America, from here they headed back to Germany via Vigo, Spain. They arrived back in Kiel on 12 December 1930.〔Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz 1993, v. 5., pp. 89.〕 While stationed on ''Karlsruhe'', he advanced in rank to ''Fähnrich zur See'' (officer cadet) on 1 January 1931.〔Röll 2013, p. 150.〕 Schuhart then underwent a number of casted training courses from 5 January 1931 to 30 September 1932. These courses included a naval infantry course for cadets at Stralsund (5 January 1931 – 2 April 1931),〔infantry course for cadets—''Infanterielehrgang für Fähnriche''〕 the main cadet course at the Naval Academy in Mürwik (3 April 1931 – 29 March 1932),〔main cadet course—''Hauptlehrgang für Fähnriche''〕 a torpedo course in Mürwik (30 March – 25 May 1932),〔torpedo course for cadets—''Torpedolehrgang für Fähnriche''〕 an artillery course for cadets at Kiel-Wik (26 May – 30 July 1932),〔artillery course for cadets—''Artillerielehrgang für Fähnriche''〕 an anti-aircraft artillery course at Wilhelmshaven (31 July – 15 August 1932),〔anti-aircraft artillery course for cadets—''Fla-Waffenlehrgang für Fähnriche''〕 a pathfinder course for cadets at Kiel-Wik (16 August – 7 September 1932),〔pathfinder course for cadets—''Sperrlehrgang für Fähnriche''〕 and lastly a communication course for cadets at Mürwik again (8–30 September 1932).〔communication course for cadets—''Nachrichtenlehrgang für Fähnriche''〕 On 1 October 1932 Schuhart was assigned to the pre-dreadnought where he stayed until 25 September 1934. On this assignment he was promoted to ''Leutnant zur See'' (second lieutenant) on 1 October 1933.〔 His stay was briefly interrupted by a radio communication course at Mürwik (3 January – 29 March 1934).〔〔radio communication course—''Funklehrgang''〕 After service as a company commander in the 3rd Naval Artillery Department (26 September 1934 – 30 September 1937) at Swinemünde where he was promoted to ''Oberleutnant zur See'' (first lieutenant) on 1 June 1935,〔〔3rd Naval Artillery Department—''III. Marine-Artillerieabteilung''〕 Schuhart joined Unterseebootsflottille ''Weddingen'' as an aide-de-camp on 1 October 1936.〔Aide-de-camp—''Flaggleutnant''〕 He attended another torpedo training course at Mürwik from 5 October 1937 to 31 October 1937 before being appointed company officer with the Unterseebootsflottille ''Emsmann'' and ''Hundius'' (1 November 1937 – 29 January 1938). On 12 July 1938 he served as officer of the watch on board of , based in Wilhelmshaven. In 1938 he became commander of in the ''U-Bootschule''. In December 1938 he was given command of ''U-25''. On 4 April 1939 Schuhart was transferred to ''U-29'' in the Unterseebootsflottille ''Saltzwedel''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Otto Schuhart」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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